A snapshot of the GM-CSF pipeline 

Among a small number of targets being manipulated in one direction to treat cancer and the opposite direction to quell inflammation is the immune stimulator GM-CSF. Even with GSK’s discontinuation of otilimab last month, the target boasts a clinical pipeline of 14 programs seeking to either deliver or inhibit the protein.

Although people have long hypothesized that it may be possible to manipulate the same target in different ways to treat cancer and inflammatory diseases, few examples have borne out the hypothesis, often because drug targets for these diseases are expressed by different cell types. ...