Urine enzyme immunoassay data

As published in The Lancet, the company's urine test detected HIV-1 envelope antibodies in individuals whose blood samples had tested negative in licensed serum EIA.

Seven people followed from an original study of 7,607 paired urine and serum samples were repeatedly reactive by the urine EIA, and confirmed positive by urine Western Blot, but were negative on serum EIA. Two were followed extensively. One subject's peripheral blood mononuclear cells were reactive to other immune challenges, yet did not react to any of five HIV env proteins, suggesting no exposure to the AIDS virus. The other individual's mononuclear cells responded to four of five HIV-1 env proteins, suggesting exposure to HIV. ...